Or pick one of the terms depicted below. In essence, erarbeitender Unterricht suggests to me that students make their own observations and draw their own conclusions based on their findings, moving from the specific to the abstract. Of course, there will still be some teacher prodding; but essentially this is the opposite of a teacher-centered approach, meaning that concepts are not presented upfront, but rather are worked out inductively by the students.

"Inductive teaching and learning is an umbrella term that encompasses a range of
instructional methods, including inquiry learning, problem-based learning, project-based learning, case-based teaching, discovery learning, and just-in-time teaching. These methods have many features in common, besides the fact that they all qualify as inductive. They are all learner centered (aka student-centered), meaning that they impose more responsibility on students for their own learning than the traditional lecture-based deductive approach does."
http://www4.ncsu.edu/unity/lockers/users/f/felder/public/Pap...