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Translation glossary: WHO Terminology

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absolute povertyA situation where the per capita income is equivalent to less than one international dollar per day. 
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access to social support networksOne of the aspects of the responsiveness of health systems whereby health care activities are integrated into community interaction in order to ensure 
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actionAny measure taken with some intention. 
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actorAny person interacting with others in the health system. 
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age-ratingTechnique for adjusting insurance premiums according to the age of the insured. 
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annual growth rateIndicator used in population studies to assess average change in the size of a population from one year to the next. 
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architectureSet of component elements of the health system and the structure of their relations 
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autonomyOne of the aspects of the responsiveness of health systems whereby one enjoys the freedom to decide for oneself on alternative treatment, testing and 
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boundaryThe outer limit of a concept. 
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burden of diseaseThe total significance of disease for society beyond the immediate cost of treatment. It is measured in years of life lost to ill health as the differ 
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choice of care providerOne of the aspects of the responsiveness of health systems whereby those seeking care have a choice between and within health care units, including op 
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community ratingTechnique for adjusting insurance premiums according to family size or income. 
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confidentialityOne of the aspects of the responsiveness of health systems whereby privacy in the context of privileged communication (such as patient-doctor consulta 
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consultationA technique of social interaction where opinions of all stakeholders are sought before a decision is made. 
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consumerA buyer or user of goods or services in the economy. 
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coordinationA technique of social interaction where various processes are considered simultaneously and their evolution arranged for the optimum benefit of the wh 
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created capitalPhysical infrastructure, buildings, machinery and equipment. 
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dependency ratioIndicator used in population studies to measure the portion of the population which is economically dependent on active age group. 
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dignityThe right of individuals to be treated with respect as persons in their own right. 
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disability-adjusted life expectancyThe number of healthy years of life that can be expected on average in a given population. 
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disability-adjusted life yearsThe number of healthy years of life lost due to premature death and disability. 
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effectivenessA measure of the extent to which a specific intervention, procedure, regimen, or service, when deployed in the field in routine circumstances, does wh 
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efficiencyThe capacity to produce the maximum output for a given input. 
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equalityPrinciple by which all persons or things under consideration are treated in the same way. 
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equality of child survivalA composite index based on the distribution of child survival across countries and intended to provide a summary measure of countries\' achievements i 
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equityPrinciple of being fair to all, with reference to a defined and recognized set of values. 
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fair financingOne of the three intrinsic goals of a health system whereby every member of society should pay the same share of their disposable income to cover thei 
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fairnessThe attitude of being just to all. 
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fairness of financial contributionIndex used to measure the distribution of the households\' health financing contribution. 
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fertility rateIndicator used in population studies to assess the average number of children women have in a given population. 
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financingFunction of a health system concerned with the mobilization, accumulation and allocation of money to cover the health needs of the people, individuall 
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functionThe special kind of activity proper to something, the mode of action by which it fulfils its purpose. Also in general application, esp. as contrasted 
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goalA general objective towards which to strive. 
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governanceThe exercise of political, economic and administrative authority in the management of a country\'s affairs at all levels. 
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healthA state of complete physical, social and mental well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.Health is a resource for everyday life, 
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health care deliveryOne of the functions of the health system, which deals with the medical and therapeutic measures intended to preserve or improve the health condition 
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health indicatorAn indicator applicable to a health or health-related situation. 
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health sectorPart of the economy dealing with health-related issues in society. 
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health systemThe people, institutions and resources, arranged together in accordance with established policies, to improve the health of the population they serve, 
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health system goalA general objective towards which the health system should strive.The World Health Report 2000 identifies three intrinsic goals of any health system: 
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human capitalHuman skills and capabilities generated by investments in education and health. 
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impactThe total, direct and indirect, effects of a programme, service or institution on a health status and overall health and socio-economic development. 
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indicatorA variable with characteristics of quality, quantity and time used to measure, directly or indirectly, changes in a situation and to appreciate the pr 
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inequality in healthDifferences in health across individuals in the population. 
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information asymmetryThe difference in the amount of information available to the various parties to a transaction which does not place them on equal footing to strike a d 
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inputA quantified amount of a resource put in a process. 
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institutionAn organization or association, established for the promotion of some object, especially one of public or general utility (after OED) 
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instrumental goalA goal whose pursuit is really a means to another end. 
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interventionAn activity or set of activities aimed at modifying a process, course of action or sequence of events, in order to change one or several of their char 
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intrinsic goalA goal that is valued in and of itself. 
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